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发表于 2003-5-25 10:27:45
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3.User stories
用户的故事
Kenneth and how he switched his school to Gentoo Linux
Kenneth和他是怎样由学校到Gentoo Linux的
Currently a high-school senior, Kenneth does some work on the school's computers during his free time. One day a member of the computer staff asked him to install Linux on six of the lab's 44 computers after being not too happy with what using Office XP would cost the school. So Kenneth decided to make an image containing KDE, GNOME, OpenOffice.org, Mozilla, Samba, CUPS, distcc, gaim (what a nice school! ;), MPlayer, Flash, Java and GNUPlot. And of course he was using Gentoo Linux for his efforts!
最近,一位高校的高年级学生Kenneth,在他课余时对学校的计算机作了一些研究工作,一天,计算机职员的一位成员让他在实验室44台机子中的6台安装Linux,这是因为他们用Office XP会耽误学校的功课,很不爽.所以Kenneth决定弄一个图形界面包括KDE, GNOME, OpenOffice.org, Mozilla, Samba, CUPS, distcc, gaim(多好的学校), MPlayer, Flash, Java and GNUPlot,当然,他正在努力用他的Gentoo Linux.
Some problems
一些问题
As the school uses a Windows network, Kenneth had to assure to make logons work without knowing the administrator password. Furthermore students have to be able to access their server space located on machines running windows. And of course you have to convice people that Linux is not evil...
因为这学校用的是Windows操作系统的网络, Kenneth得确信可以在不知道管理员密码的情况下做logons工作,此外,学生还得可以处理他们在机子上的服务空间来运行windows,并且,你当然要让人们确信Linux不是很恐怖的.
Clever solutions
明智的解决办法
In oder to get logins to work, Kenneth patched the GDM source to run a script which creates a UID if it doesn't already exist. smb_auth is used forPAM and creates home directories according to a template Kenneth made. There were problems with a few programs that recorded the home directory in their configs (e.g. OpenOffice.org), so he made a sym link for it which the template account uses as home directory. To mount Samba shares on login and unmount them on logout he uses smb_authtoken and wrote a C program that manages the mounts by calling smbmount and smbumount.
为了能够登陆, Kenneth给GDM source打了补丁来运行一个文本文件,这个文件产生一个UID,如果它不是已经存在的话. smb_auth是用做PAM和创建home目录,而这是根据Kenneth做的一个模板.在一些他们的配置上记录home目录的一些个程序中存在问题 (e.g. OpenOffice.org) 所以他为这个用做home目录的记数模板弄了一个SYM的联编, 为了加载在登陆时共享的Samba和离开时卸载它, 他用了一个smb_authtoken,还写了一个C程序通过调用smbmount 和 smbumount两个子函数来管理加载工作
For easier updates Kenneth gets some stuff from /usr/portage from NFS shares, uses distcc on the boxes and set up a local rsync mirror. When administrating his machines, he uses a special konsole profile which runs ssh to each of them and uses "send input to all".
KDE is used as the standard desktop environment, CUPS handles the network printers and KDE has shortcuts to the various file servers.
为了容易更新, Kenneth从NFS共享中的/usr/portage目录下搜取了一些资料.在boxes上使用distcc以及建立一个本地的rsync镜像,当管理他的机子时,他用一个专门的konsole profile,这个是来运行SSH到它们每一个.并且用” send input to all” .
KDE是用做标准的桌面环境,CUPS处理网络打印机,而KDE有捷径到各种各样的文件服务器.
Conclusion
结论
On the first day, Kenneth registered over 57 new users. Some people, including a teacher, really liked it. Kenneth put explanations on each icon, so people didn't have a hard time figuring out what they did, but some people just kept looking for Internet Explorer and didn't quite get why it's not there. Other problems included mounting floppies or just plain refusal to use anything else than Windows. However, Kenneth noticed that some students only use "his" computers, even though they have no clue at all what a kernel is. But his greatest day came when the NT print servers went down and everybody who wanted to print had to use the Gentoo boxes for this task. Even the chemistry teacher (who was previously mad about different software) had to admit that he "played the linux game and it printed fine.".
第一天, Kenneth注册了超过57个新的用户.一部分人,包括一位老师,真的非常喜欢它. Kenneth在每个图表都注释好,所以人们不会有摸索它们的功能的艰难时期,不过一些人只是在寻找因特网浏览器并且不知道为什么它不在那(桌面上). 其他的问题包括加载软区或完全拒绝用一些Windows以外的功能.
然而, Kenneth注意到一些学生只是用”他的”计算机,纵然他对内核一窍不通(不知道内核是什么). 不过他的伟大的日子到来了,就在NT打印服务器不能工作了,所有要打印的人都不得不用Gentoo boxes来完成他们的作业. 甚至化学老师(他以前对不同的软件厌恶)都承认说他”玩LINUX游戏和它打印得很好” |
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